過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)時(shí)態(tài):when和while區(qū)別精選
過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí),表示過(guò)去在某一時(shí)間段或某一段時(shí)間內(nèi)正在發(fā)生或進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。在英語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)中,“時(shí)“指動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間,”態(tài)“指動(dòng)作的樣子和狀態(tài)。以下是小編為大家整理的過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)時(shí)態(tài):when和while區(qū)別,希望能夠幫助到大家。
過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)時(shí)態(tài):when和while區(qū)別
1.while和when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句主句用一般時(shí)(一般過(guò)去時(shí))從句用進(jìn)行時(shí)(過(guò)去進(jìn)行).while引導(dǎo)的從句要加延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞,而when 延續(xù)和短暫性動(dòng)詞都可以,所以when有包含while ,while可以用when替換。
2. 另外,when和while的區(qū)別還在于:while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句多用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài),而when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句多用一般時(shí)態(tài)。
While they were talking , the bell rang.
正在他們談話的時(shí)候,上課鈴響了。
I was doing my homework when my mother came back home yesterday evening.
昨天晚上媽媽回家的時(shí)候,我正在做家庭作業(yè)。
3. when是at or during the time that, 既指時(shí)間點(diǎn),也可指一段時(shí)間,while是during the time that,只指一段時(shí)間,因此when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中的動(dòng)詞可以是終止性動(dòng)詞,也可以是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞,而while從句中的動(dòng)詞必須是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。
They were sweeping the floor when the teacher came in.
老師進(jìn)來(lái)時(shí)(這一時(shí)刻),他們?cè)诓恋匕濉?/p>
While they were sweeping the floor,the teacher came in.
他們正擦地板時(shí)(這段時(shí)間),老師進(jìn)來(lái)了。
4. when 說(shuō)明從句的動(dòng)作和主句的動(dòng)作可以是同時(shí),也可以是先后發(fā)生;while 則強(qiáng)調(diào)主句的動(dòng)作在從句動(dòng)作的發(fā)生的過(guò)程中或主從句兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生。例如:
They were singing while we were dancing.
5. 如果從句和主句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生,兩句都用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的時(shí)候,多用while引導(dǎo),例如:
I am cooking while Jane is practicing.
我在做飯的時(shí)候簡(jiǎn)正在練習(xí)。
當(dāng)此句改變主從句的位置時(shí),則用when引導(dǎo)。
When the teacher came in,we were talking.
6.when和while 還可作并列連詞。when表“在那時(shí)”;while表示“而,卻”,表對(duì)照關(guān)系。如:
The children were running to move the bag of rice when they heard the sound of a motor bike.
孩子們正要跑過(guò)去搬開(kāi)那袋米,這時(shí)他們聽(tīng)到了摩托車的聲音。
He is strong while his brother is weak.
他長(zhǎng)得很結(jié)實(shí),而他弟弟卻很瘦弱。
具體概念
一、 概念和用法:過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。
表示過(guò)去在某一時(shí)間段或某一段時(shí)間內(nèi)正在發(fā)生或進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。其形式為 主語(yǔ)+was /were + 動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞。常與表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用,如:last night,last Saturday,yesterday等;或者與when,while,as引導(dǎo)的過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。在英語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)中,“時(shí)“指動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間,”態(tài)“指動(dòng)作的樣子和狀態(tài)。例如:We were watching TV from seven to nine last night. 昨天晚上七點(diǎn)到九點(diǎn)的時(shí)候我們?cè)诳措娨暋hat was he researching all day last Sunday? 上周日他一整天都在研究什么?時(shí)間段
二、 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)可以表示在過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)發(fā)生的事情。時(shí)間點(diǎn)可以用介詞短語(yǔ)、副詞或從句來(lái)表示。如:What was she doing at nine o‘clock yesterday? 昨天晚上九點(diǎn)她正在做什么? (介詞短語(yǔ)表示時(shí)間點(diǎn)) When I saw him he was decorating his room. 當(dāng)我看見(jiàn)他的時(shí)候他正在裝飾房間。(when從句表示時(shí)間點(diǎn))
三、 在復(fù)合句中,如果主要?jiǎng)幼骱捅尘皠?dòng)作都是延續(xù)的或同時(shí)發(fā)生的,那么主從句的動(dòng)詞都可用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。例如:While he was waiting for the bus,he was reading a newspaper.他邊等車邊看報(bào)。(兩個(gè)動(dòng)作都是延續(xù)的) He was cleaning his car while I was cooking. 他擦車時(shí)我在做飯。(兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)進(jìn)行)
四、 通常不能用于過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的動(dòng)詞主要有:agree,be動(dòng)詞,believe,belong,care,forget,hate,have(擁有),hear,know,like,love,mean,mind,notice,own,remember,seem,suppose,understand,want,wish等。靜態(tài)動(dòng)詞 暫時(shí)性動(dòng)詞 同樣也不能用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。
例如:錯(cuò)誤:I was knowing the answer.
正確:I knew the answer. 我知道答案。
錯(cuò)誤:I wasn‘t understanding him.
正確:I didn‘t understand him. 我不明白他的意思。
結(jié)構(gòu)組成
1. 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)由“主語(yǔ)+was/were + doing”構(gòu)成
eg: We were having supper when the phone rang. 我們正在吃晚飯時(shí)電話響了。
2. 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的否定式由“主語(yǔ)+was/were not +doing”構(gòu)成
基本用法
1、過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的基本用法主要表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。
例:He fell asleep when he was reading. 他看書時(shí)睡著了。
2. 用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在主要是為了使語(yǔ)氣委婉、客氣。
例:I was wondering if you can give me a lift. 我不知你能否讓我搭一下車。
一般過(guò)去時(shí)也有類似用法,但比較而言,用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)顯得更客氣,更加不肯定。
3.過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示感情色彩與現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)相似,過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)也可表示滿意、稱贊、驚訝、厭惡等感情色彩,也通常與 always,forever,continually等副詞連用。
如:They were always quarrelling. 他們老是吵架。
4.動(dòng)詞be的過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)也可表示過(guò)去一時(shí)的表現(xiàn)或暫時(shí)的狀態(tài)。
比較:He was friendly. 他很友好。(過(guò)去長(zhǎng)期如此)
He was being friendly. 他當(dāng)時(shí)顯得很友好。(指當(dāng)時(shí)一時(shí)的表現(xiàn))
補(bǔ)充:when 的后面加一般過(guò)去時(shí),而且動(dòng)詞是短暫性動(dòng)詞。
while 的后面加過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí),動(dòng)詞是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞同省同留。
eg: This time yesterday Jack was not watching TV. He was repairing his bike. 昨天這個(gè)時(shí)候,杰克不是在看電視,而是在修理自行車。
3. 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的疑問(wèn)式由“was/were +主語(yǔ)+doing”組成
eg: Were you playing basketball at four yesterday afternoon? 昨天下午四點(diǎn)你們?cè)诖蚧@球嗎?
句型
肯定句:主語(yǔ)+was/were+v-ing+其他
否定句:主語(yǔ)+was/were+not+v-ing+其他
一般疑問(wèn)句:Was/Were+主語(yǔ)+v-ing+其它
答語(yǔ):Yes,主語(yǔ)+was/were.或No,主語(yǔ)+wasn't/weren’t.
特殊疑問(wèn)句:特殊疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句+其他
例句
1、We were having supper when the phone rang. 我們正在吃晚飯時(shí),電話響了
2、This time yesterday Jack was not watching TV. 昨天這個(gè)時(shí)候杰克沒(méi)看電視。
3、He was repairing his bike.他在修理自行車。
4、When/While we were having supper, the light went out. 我們正在吃飯時(shí),燈熄滅了。
5、While we were talking, the teacher came in. 當(dāng)我們正在談話時(shí),老師進(jìn)來(lái)了。
6、While he was waiting for the bus, he was reading a newspaper.他邊等車邊看報(bào)。
7、He was cleaning his car while I was cooking. 他擦車時(shí),我正在做飯。
8、Tom was getting up at six o’clock every day that week. 湯姆那一周里每天都是六點(diǎn)鐘起床。
9、She was reading book at this time yesterday.她昨天這個(gè)時(shí)間正在看書。
特殊用法
1、當(dāng)句子意思很清楚時(shí),我們也可以把兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞都換成一般過(guò)去時(shí)
例:We listened carefully when the teacher read the text. 老師讀課文時(shí),我們都仔細(xì)地聽(tīng)著。
2、表示按計(jì)劃、安排過(guò)去將要發(fā)生的事。用于come,go,leave,start,arrive等表示位置轉(zhuǎn)移的動(dòng)詞時(shí),也可以用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過(guò)去將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。
例:He told me(that)he was going soon. 他告訴我他很快就要走了。
3、表示故事發(fā)生的背景。
例:It was snowing as the medical team made its way to the front. 那支醫(yī)療小組往前線行進(jìn)時(shí),天正下雪。
4、表示一個(gè)新的動(dòng)作剛剛開(kāi)始,可用來(lái)引出一個(gè)新的動(dòng)作。
例:Five minutes later,he stood in the doorway smoking a cigarette. 5分鐘后,他已站在門口抽著煙。
5、過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)還可以和when結(jié)構(gòu)遙相呼應(yīng),含有意外之意。
例:I was walking in the street when someone called me. 我正在街上走時(shí)突然有人喊我。
6、用來(lái)陳述原因或用作借口。
例:She went to the doctor yesterday. She was having a lot of trouble with her heart.她昨天去看病了。她患了很嚴(yán)重的心臟病。
7、與always,constantly等詞連用,表示感情色彩。
例:The girl was always changing her mind. 這女孩老是改變主意。
8、用在狀語(yǔ)中。
例:He felt asleep when he was reading. 當(dāng)他閱讀時(shí),他睡著了。
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