精選歷史成語故事大全
導(dǎo)語：成語故事是我國歷史的一部分，成語是歷史的積淀，每一個(gè)成語的背后都有一個(gè)含義深遠(yuǎn)的故事，是我國幾千年以來人民智慧的結(jié)晶。以下是小編整理歷史成語故事大全的資料，歡迎閱讀參考。
歷史成語故事精選【1】
勢(shì)如破竹
三國末年，晉武帝司馬炎滅掉蜀國，奪取魏國政權(quán)以后，準(zhǔn)備出兵攻打東吳，實(shí)現(xiàn)統(tǒng)一全中國的愿望。他召集文武大臣們商量統(tǒng)一大計(jì)。多數(shù)人認(rèn)為，吳國還有一定實(shí)力，一舉消滅它恐怕不易，不如有了足夠的準(zhǔn)備再說。
大將杜預(yù)不同意多數(shù)人的看法，寫了一道奏章給晉武帝。杜預(yù)認(rèn)為，必須趁目前吳國衰弱立即滅掉它，不然等它有了實(shí)力就很難打敗它了。司馬炎看了杜預(yù)的'奏章，找自己最信任的大臣張華征求意見。張華很同意杜預(yù)的分析，也勸司馬炎快快攻打吳國，以免留下后患。于是司馬炎就下了決心，任命杜預(yù)為征南大將軍。
公元279年，晉武帝司馬炎調(diào)動(dòng)了二十多萬兵馬，分兵六路水陸并進(jìn)，攻打吳國，一路戰(zhàn)鼓齊鳴，戰(zhàn)旗飄揚(yáng)，戰(zhàn)士威武雄壯。第二年就攻占了江陵，斬了吳國一員大將，率領(lǐng)軍隊(duì)乘勝追擊。司馬炎下令讓杜預(yù)從小路向吳國國都建業(yè)進(jìn)發(fā)。此時(shí)，有人擔(dān)心長江水勢(shì)暴漲，不如暫收兵等到冬天進(jìn)攻更有利。杜預(yù)堅(jiān)決反對(duì)退兵，他說：“現(xiàn)在士氣高漲，取得一個(gè)又一個(gè)勝利，勢(shì)如破竹(像用快刀劈竹子一樣，劈過幾節(jié)后竹子就迎刃破裂)，一舉攻擊吳國不會(huì)再費(fèi)多大力氣了!”晉朝大軍在杜預(yù)率領(lǐng)下，直沖吳都建業(yè)，不久就攻占建業(yè)滅了吳國。晉武帝統(tǒng)一了全國。
成語”勢(shì)如破竹”，形容戰(zhàn)斗節(jié)節(jié)勝利，毫無阻擋。
歷史成語故事精選【2】
畫餅充饑
三國時(shí)期，有一個(gè)正直的文人叫盧毓(yù)，在魏國做大官。
一次宮中選拔人才，官員們推薦了許多有名的人，魏國的皇帝說：“讓盧毓來選人，我不要這些只有名聲而沒有真才實(shí)學(xué)的人。名聲就像畫在墻上的餅，不可以拿來吃�！�
盧毓建議皇帝選拔和考試相結(jié)合。從此，皇帝根據(jù)個(gè)人的實(shí)際能力來任命官員。盧毓的`方法得到了大家的稱贊。
成語“畫餅充饑”就來自于皇帝所說的話。一開始，它指有名聲而沒本領(lǐng)的人。后來，人們用它來比喻以不切實(shí)際的空想來滿足自己的人。
歷史成語故事精選【3】
路人皆知
三國的魏國，是一代英杰曹操建立的，在三國中是最強(qiáng)大的。到魏主曹芳當(dāng)政時(shí)，司馬氏實(shí)際上已經(jīng)操縱了大權(quán)。司馬師帶劍入殿，一切政事都由他決斷，根本不把曹芳放在眼里。曹芳?xì)鈶嵅贿^，下密詔誅殺司馬氏。誰知，事不機(jī)密，反而被司馬師廢了他的王位。司馬師因篡(cuàn)位不到時(shí)機(jī)，只好另立曹髦(máo)為新王。
這位曹髦是魏文帝的`孫子，原先被封高貴鄉(xiāng)公的爵位，如今做了皇帝，倒想有一番作為。那知，司馬氏控制了整個(gè)朝政。司馬師死后，司馬昭自封天下兵馬大都督，處處挾制高貴鄉(xiāng)公，篡權(quán)的野心日益顯露，以至天下無人不知。“司馬昭之心路人皆知”的成語，就出自此處。眼見司馬昭的專橫，曹髦是恨在心里，但又怕司馬昭的權(quán)勢(shì)，只好作《潛龍?jiān)姟芬皇�，以泄不滿。詩曰：
傷哉龍受困，不能躍深淵。上不飛天漢，下不見于田。
播居于井底，鰍鱔舞其前。藏牙伏爪甲，嗟我亦如然。
一位名叫賈充的官吏知道后，馬上向司馬昭告發(fā)了此事。
司馬昭一聽，詩中將他比喻成魚鰍黃鱔，惱怒萬分，立刻身帶寶劍隨從，直入宮殿。當(dāng)著百官大臣，厲聲責(zé)罵曹髦，公然威脅說：“你曹髦是不是想作第二個(gè)曹芳!”
曹髦回到后宮，痛哭一天，終于下定決心要鏟除司馬昭。他召來王經(jīng)、王沈、王業(yè)三位大臣合謀。王經(jīng)勸告他，以魯昭公討伐季孫氏不成反被流亡的史事為鑒�？墒�，曹髦表示，寧死也不能讓司馬昭猖獗了。
于是，曹髦召集兵士三百人，要去誅殺司馬昭，王經(jīng)死諫也不聽，而王沈、王業(yè)則投靠司馬昭，當(dāng)了叛徒。還不用司馬昭動(dòng)手，曹髦就被司馬昭的手下殺死，王經(jīng)與三百兵士也慘遭殺害。
成語“路人皆知”前面常常加上“司馬昭之心”五個(gè)字，指野心非常明顯，人所共知。
歷史成語故事精選【4】
窮兵黷(dú)武
東吳名將陸遜之后陸抗，有勇有謀，很年輕就被任命為建武校尉。
東吳后期朝敗，且國君孫皓荒淫暴虐，濫殺無辜。陸抗對(duì)此非常不滿，便多次上疏勸諫。但是，孫皓對(duì)這些建議置之不理。盡管東吳內(nèi)政混亂不堪，但由于陸抗謀略過人，善于用兵，因此一直虎視東吳，而欲南下一統(tǒng)中國的晉，也無可奈何。
當(dāng)時(shí)，晉朝的車騎將軍羊祜(kù)鎮(zhèn)守襄陽。他見陸抗能攻善守，知道要立即打敗東吳并不容易，于是改變對(duì)東吳策略，采取了和的戰(zhàn)略。陸抗也明白羊祜用意，于是也用同樣的態(tài)度對(duì)待晉方。在邊境，兩人還常派使者往來，以示友好。因此當(dāng)時(shí)吳、晉一部分邊境竟出現(xiàn)了和平局面。
孫皓聽說了邊境的情況，十分不悅，派人責(zé)問陸抗。陸抗回話說：“我如果不采取這樣的政策，反而會(huì)助長羊祜的威德。”孫皓聽后，也就沒再說什么。但他還是想出兵攻晉統(tǒng)一中國。于是頻頻調(diào)兵。陸抗知道后，便又向?qū)O皓上疏說：“現(xiàn)在，朝廷應(yīng)該加緊農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)，儲(chǔ)備糧食，增強(qiáng)國力。讓有才能的人發(fā)揮作用，使各級(jí)官員不荒怠(dài)職守，嚴(yán)明賞罰以勵(lì)百官，審慎實(shí)施刑罰以戒黎民。如果圖虛名重形式，處處用兵，好戰(zhàn)不止，耗費(fèi)的.資財(cái)動(dòng)以萬計(jì)，士兵疲勞不堪，即使敵寇沒有削弱，我們自己也會(huì)因此受累而被拖垮。”
但是，孫皓對(duì)陸抗的忠告仍是置若罔(wǎng)聞，以致于國力日漸衰退。而陸抗死后，晉軍便揮師南下討伐東吳，吳國最終為晉所滅。
成語“窮兵黷武”，現(xiàn)在的意思是使用全部武力，任意發(fā)動(dòng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。
延伸閱讀（英語版）：
Historical expression stories select [1]
On a roll
In the last years of The Three Kingdoms, sima yan of the jin dynasty destroyed the kingdom of shu, and after seizing the state of wei, he prepared to invade the eastern wu and realize the desire to unify the whole China. He summoned the ministers of civil war to discuss the unification plan. Most people believe that wu has some power, and it is not easy to destroy it.
Du yu didn't agree with most people and wrote a memorial to the jin emperor. Du previewed that the current state of wu must be destroyed immediately, or it would be difficult to beat it if it had the strength to do so. Sima yan watched du preset's play, and asked zhang hua, his most trusted minister, for advice. Zhang hua agreed with du's analysis and urged sima yan to attack the state of wu in a hurry so as not to leave behind him. So sima yan made up his mind, and appointed du to the general.
In 279 AD, sima yan, the emperor of the jin dynasty, mobilized more than two hundred thousand soldiers and horses. He divided the six roads and the land, attacked the state of wu, and sang all the way, the flag fluttered and the soldiers were strong and strong. The next year, he captured jiangling, and he took over the state of wu, leading the army to win the pursuit. Sima yan ordered du to make his way to the state of wu. At this time, some people worry that the Yangtze river water potential is surging, so it is better to wait for the winter attack. Du yu resolutely opposed the idea, he said: "now, enthusiastic, one after another victory, sweeping (as with a sharp knife splitting a bamboo, splitting into just a few after blade fracture), every attack wu won't, how much effort again!" The jin army, led by du yu, made a straight run for wu and soon conquered the state of wu. Emperor wudi unified the whole country.
The idiom "is like a bamboo stick".
A selection of historical idioms and stories [2]
Without letup
During The Three Kingdoms period, there was an honest man named lu yu (yu), who was a chief official in the state of wei.
One time in the palace, officials recommended many famous people, and the emperor of wei said, "let lu yu come for the selection. I don't want these people who have only fame and no real talent. Fame is like a cake painted on the wall; it cannot be eaten."
Lu yu suggested that the emperor should be selected and tested. From then on, the emperor appointed officials according to his practical ability. Lu yu's method was praised by everyone.
The idiom came from what the emperor said. At first, it means someone who has a reputation for not being able to do it. Later, people use it to describe people who satisfy themselves with unrealistic fantasies.
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