中考英語重點單詞和短語用法大總結
導語：重點單詞跟短語的學習與掌握，對備考中考很重要，小編收集了一些大總結，供同學全面的學習了解，希望能帶給您最需要的幫助。
◆1 。 cost / take / spend / pay 花費
花費時間做某事 ： It takes sb some time to do sth 。 = sb spend some time (in)doing sth 。= sb spend some time on sth 。
某人花錢買某物 ： sb spend some money on sth 。 = sb pay some money for sth 。 = sth cost sb 。 some money 。
※ spend 和 pay 主語都是人， cost 主語是物。
※ spent 還可以指“度過”→ How did you spend your weekend ?
The sweater ________ me 90 yuan 。 = I _______ 90 yuan for the sweater 。=I _____ 90 yuan on the sweater 。
He spent lots of money ________ the mobile phone 。
It ________ her 20 minutes to go home every day 。 = He ________ 20 minutes ________ home every day 。
◆2 。 thanks for為…而感謝
⑴ ______ inviting me to your birthday party 。
thanks to 多虧/由于
⑵______ your help 。I got good grades 。
◆3 。 感嘆句 ：多么… what + 名詞
how + 形容詞 / 副詞
⑴。 ______ bad weather ! ⑵。 ______ hard he works !
⑶。 ______ fresh vegetables ! ⑷。 ______ cute a monkey it is !
◆4 。 因為、由于 ： because( 連詞 ) +從句： ( 表示原因 )
because of(介詞短語) + 名詞(短語 )= thanks to
⑴ I didn’t go to school ______ I had a headache 。
He was late for class ______ the bad weather 。
He can’t come _____ he is ill 。
Many people have a cold _____ the cold weather 。
※because和 so不能同時連用 。
◆5 。 來自 ： be from = come from
⑴ Where are you from ? = Where ______ you ______ ______ ?
⑵ He is from Tibet 。 = He ______ ______ Tibet 。
◆6 。 How often 對頻率提問 ( 多久一次) →回答用表示頻率的副詞或短語
How long 對一段時間提問 (多久 ) →回答用表示一段時間的狀語
How soon 對將來時間提問 ( 多久 ) →回答用 in+時間段
How far 詢問多長距離(多長)
⑴- ______ have you been collecting the kites ? -For ten years 。
⑵- ______ do you go shopping ? -Sometimes。
⑶ - ______ will your father come back ? - In two years 。
⑷- _____ do you exercise ? - Once a week 。
⑸- _____ is it from your home to school ? - About ten miles 。
⑹- _____ are you staying there ? - Two weeks 。
◆7 。 乘交通工具 ： take a / the +交通工具 在句中作謂語
by+交通工具=on a 交通工具在句中作方式狀語
交通工具有：train/bus/car/taxi/boat/subway/plane…
⑴ He takes a bus to bank 。= He goes to bank by bus 。 = He goes to bank on a bus 。
⑵ I walk to school 。 = I go to school ______ 。
※ 騎自行車、馬或驢用ride ： ride one’s bike / ride a horse / ride a donkey in one’s car
◆8 。 對不起 ： Excuse me (勞駕，客套話 )
Sorry ( 表示道歉 )
⑴ ______ 。Where is Tianfu Square in Chengdu ?
⑵–Would you mind cleaning your room ? - ______ 。 I’ll do it right away 。
⑶- Don’t eat in class 。 - _____ 。 Ms Clark 。
⑷ _____ ， is this the way to the station ?
◆9 。 聲音 ： sound ( 自然界各種聲音 )
noise(噪音)
voice(悅耳的聲音：嗓子)
⑴Lucy has a sweet ______ 。 ⑵That ______ like a good idea 。
⑶Don’t make ______ 。 The baby is sleeping 。
◆10 。 look like (外貌看起來像… )
be like ( 性格像… )
⑴ Lily _____ _____ Lucy 。 Oh ， they are twins 。
⑵ Tony ______ ______ a monkey because he is cute and playful 。
◆11 。 take… to … 帶去
bring…to …帶來
fetch 沒有方向性(強調來回)
⑴ Tony 。 ______ the ball here 。Please 。
⑵ My father often ______ me ______ concerts on Sundays 。
⑶ ______ your homework _____ school tomorrow 。
◆12。 一些 ： some 用于肯定句
any 用于否定句和疑問句
⑴ I’d like ______ milk 。
⑵ –Would you like ______ yogurt ?
_ Thanks 。 I don’t want ______ 。
※ 在一般疑問句中，認為對方的答案會是肯定的，或期望得到對方肯定回答時，也用some 。
◆13。 多少 ： How many修飾可數名詞復數
How much 修飾不可數名詞
⑴ ______ juice do you want ? ⑵ ______ apples do you want ?
⑶- ______is the T-shirt ? –It’s 30 yuan 。
※ How much可對價錢提問：How much are the potatoes ?
◆14。 看 ：see 強調看的結果
look ( at ) 不及物動詞，強調看的動作
watch 觀看：比賽、電視、表演、電影
read 讀，朗讀：看書、看報、看信、看雜志
⑴Don’t______ in bed 。
⑵ We will ______ a basketball game this evening 。
⑶ Please ______ the blackboard 。 Everyone 。
⑷ I ______ a bird in the tree yesterday 。
※On Saturday night 。 I saw an interesting talk show 。
On Saturday evening 。 several kids watched a movie 。 watch a movie =go to a movie
◆15。 stop doing sth 停止做某事 → Please stop talking 。
stop to do sth 停下來去做別的事
⑴ The girl soon stopped ______ (cry ) 。 ⑵ He was tired and stopped ______ (have ) a rest 。
◆16。 forget / remember后接不定式表示未發生的動作：
△forget / remember to do sth(忘記/記得去做某事)→ He forgot to turn off the light 。(沒有做關燈的動作) Remember to go to the post office after school 。
forget / remember 后接ving表示已發生的動作：
△forget / remember doing sth(忘記/記得做過某事)→ He forgot turningoff the light 。(已做過關燈的動作) Don’t you remember seeing the man before ?
◆17。 到達… reach + 地點
get to + 地點 reach = get to
arrive + in + 大地點
arrive + at + 小地點
⑴ He reached London yesterday 。 = He ______ to London yesterday 。 = He ______ in London yesterday 。
⑵ She arrived ______ the bus station just now 。 ⑶ You should ______ ( get ) home on time 。
※ 當get to和 arrive at /in后接地點副詞時，都不加介詞。如：get home get there 省略 to
◆18。 擅長，在…方面做得好 ： be good at = do well in 。
⑴ She is good at chemistry 。 = She ______ ______ ______ chemistry 。
⑵ Niuniu is good at ______ the violin 。 = Niuniu ______ well in ______ the violin 。
⑶ Lucy and Lily are twin girls 。Lucy is better ______ dancing than Lily 。but Lily _____ ______ in singing than Lucy 。
◆19。 win ( 贏得 )接a game、 war 、a match、 a prize
beat( 打敗、戰勝 )接運動員、球隊、對手等。
⑴ Which team ______ the football match ?
⑵ Wang Hao ______ Ma Lin and ______ the champion of the Men’s Singles 。
◆20。 借 borrow sth 。 from sb = borrow sb 。 sth 向某人借某物→ borrow借入
lend sth 。 to sb = lend sb 。 sth把某物借給某人 → lend 借出
keep延續性動詞 ，與一段時間連用。
⑴ Can you lend me your bike ? = Can you ______ your bike ______ me ?
⑵ You can borrow some money ____ your brother 。 = You can borrow yourbrother ____ ____。
⑶ - How long can I ______ the book ?
- You can _____ it for two weeks 。
※ 類似用法的還有：buy — have put on — wear become — be
leave — be away from open — be open begin — be on
die — be dead return — be back
① become He has ______ a doctor 。
He has ______ a doctor for 10 years 。
② begin The film has ______ 。
The film has _________ for ten minutes 。
◆21。 能，會。be able to
can
※ 情態動詞后面都接動詞原形。
⑴ We should ______ able to finish the work tomorrow 。
⑵ I can ______ (play) the guitar 。⑶ He ______ able to play chess 。
◆22。 too many 太多 — 修飾可數名詞復數→ I have too many rules in my house 。
too much 太多 — 修飾不可數名詞→ Maybe you have too much yin 。
much too太— 后跟形容詞或副詞原級→ This coat is much too expensive 。
⑴ Eating _____ ______ is bad for your health 。
⑵ It’s ______ ______cold today 。 You’d better not go out 。
⑶There are______ ______ students in the hallways 。 It’s dangerous 。
◆23。 have / has been to 去過某地 →He has been to Beijing 。 (現在不在北京)
have / has gone to 去了某地 →He has gone to Beijing 。 (現在可能在北京，或在去北京的途中)
have/hasbeen in / at在某地
⑴I have ever _______ ______ America twice 。
⑵ He has ______ ______ Beijing for ten years 。
⑶– Where is your brother ?
- He______ ______ to Hainan 。
⑷ _____ you ever ______ ______ Disneyland ?
◆24。 used to do sth 。過去常做某事→ This river used to be very clean 。
be(get)used to doing sth 。習慣于做某事 → I’m not used to getting up early 。
be used to do sth = be used for doing sth 。 被用于做某事→ Pens are used for writing 。
⑴ XiaoGang ______ ______ ______ afraid of the dark 。
⑵ Thebroom is ______ ______ clean the room 。 = The broom is ______ ______ cleaning the room 。
⑶ He ______ ______ ______ living countryside 。There is fresh air and sweet well 。
⑷ Wood _____ _____ _____ making paper 。
◆25。 belong to + 名詞 / 人稱代詞賓格 (屬于)
be + 名詞所有格 / 名詞性物主代詞 (是)
⑴It must ______ Ning’s 。= It must _________ Ning 。
⑵ The pencil must be ______ (my) 。 = The pencil must belong to ______ (my) 。
⑶ This ball ______ to me 。= This ball is ______ 。
◆26。 can’t 不可能 0
表示推測、判斷 could/might 也許、可能 50﹪— 80﹪
must 肯定、一定 100﹪
⑴ The CD _____ belong to Tony 。 because he likes listening to music 。
⑵ The notebook ______ be mine 。It has my name on it 。
⑶ The toy ______ be my grandpa 。 After all 。He is an old man 。
◆27。 be made from (由…制成)看不出原材料
be made of (由…制成)看得出原材料
⑴ The table ______ ______ ______ wood 。
⑵ Paper ______ ______ ______ wood 。
◆28。 prefer to do sth 寧愿做某事
prefer sth 。 to sth 。 喜歡…而不喜歡…
prefer doing sth 。 to doing sth 。 喜歡做…而不喜歡做…
⑴ I prefer ______ (swim) to ______ (play) balls 。 ⑵ He _______ fish to beef 。
⑶ I prefer to ______ (walk) to work 。
◆29。 一些表示人的情感或情緒的形容詞 ： —ed 修飾人
—ing 修飾物
⑴ I want to go somewhere ______ (relaxing/relaxed) 。
⑵ She is ______ in this ______ history story 。 (interesting/interested )
※ interesting(有趣的) — interested(感興趣的) tiring(累人的)— tired(累的，疲倦的)
boring (令人無聊的)— bored(無聊的)exciting(令人興奮的)— excited(激動的)
surprising(令人驚訝的) — surprised(驚訝的)
relaxing(令人放松的) — relaxed(放松的)
embarrassing (令人尷尬的;令人為難的) — embarrassed (尷尬的;為難的)
◆30。 the number of + 名詞復數(…的數量)作主語， 謂語用單數。
a number of + 名詞復數 (許多、一些)= many
⑴ The number of students in our class______ 80 。
⑵ ______ number of students are in Helin Middle School 。
◆31。 for + 一段時間
since + 時間點/過去時的句子
⑴ We have been studying English ______ three years 。
⑵ He has been staying here ______ he was five years old 。 。
⑶ We haven’t seen each other ______ ten years ago 。
※ for和 since 可以相互轉換。如：Jenny has been collecting coins for several years 。= Jenny has been collecting coins since several years ______ 。
◆32。 除…之外 except (不包括在內)→ Everyone could answer this question except Jim 。
besides (包括在內)→There are three girls besides me 。
⑴ We all passed the exam ______ Li Yang 。
⑵ Many other students like basketball ______ Guo Xiaojun 。
◆33。 already 用于肯定句中(已經)
yet 用于疑問句末(已經)
用于否定句末(還)
⑴ Have you seen the film ______ ? ⑵ I haven’t locked the door ______ 。
⑶ Mom has _______ watered the flowers 。
◆34。 否定祈使句 Don’t + v。
No + v.ing / n。
⑴ Don’t smoke here 。 = ______ ______ here 。 ⑵ Don’t take photos。 = ______ ______ 。
◆35。 也 too 放肯定句末和疑問句末→Do you play soccer every day ， too ?
either 放否定句末
also 放肯定句中
※ also放在實意動詞前，be之后。
⑴ She is a girl 。 I am a girl 。______ 。 ⑵ He ______ likes collecting things 。
⑶ Lily doesn’t like junk food 。 Her good friend doesn’t like it 。 _______ 。
⑷ - I like soap operas 。 –I do ， _____ 。
⑸ - I can’t watch TV on school nights 。 –I can’t ， _____ 。
◆36。 be strict with sb。 對某人要求嚴格
be strict in sth 。 對某事要求嚴格
Miss Zhang _____ _____ _____ her work and she _____ _____ _____ her students 。
◆37。 需要做某事 need to do sth 主語是人
need doing sth 主語是物
⑴ The classroom _____ cleaning 。 It’s too dirty 。 ⑵ Children _____ to sleep a lot 。
⑶ It’s very hot and dry 。 You need ______(wear)cool clothes and the flowers need ______ (water) 。
◆38。 through →介詞： 從內部穿過 (park)
across →介詞：從表面穿過
cross →動詞(road。 street。 bridge)
⑴ Be careful when you ______ the street 。 ⑵ The manwent______ the forest 。
⑶ The train goes ______ the tunnel(隧道)。 ⑷He swam _____ the river 。
⑸ We drove _____ the desert (沙漠) 。 ⑹Take a walk _____ the park on Center Avenue 。
◆39。 Why don’t you do sth = Why not do sth 。
提建議的方式 How /what about doing sth 。
Let’s do sth 。
⑴ Why don’t you have a cup of tea ? = _____ _____ have a cup of tea ?
⑵ Let’s _____ (go) out for a walk 。 ⑶ How about _____ (practice) conversations ?
◆40。 So + 助/系/情態 + 主語 表示肯定意義(…也是如此)
Neither + 助/系/情態 + 主語 表示否定意義(…也不)
※ 它們都屬于倒裝句。
⑴ My mother didn’t go to school 。______ ______ my father 。
⑵ James comes from theUSA 。______ ______ Tom 。
⑶ My pen pal can speak Japanese 。 ______ ______ I 。 = Me ______ 。
⑷ My sister isn’t outgoing 。 ______ ______ I 。= Me ______ 。
◆41。 both 兩者都
all三者或三者以上都
⑴ The twins _____ are good students 。
⑵ There are lots of colorful flowers on _____ sides of the streets 。
⑶ There are five people in my family 。 We ______ like playing sports 。 My parents ______ love us 。 We are very happy 。
◆42。 alone 單獨，獨自一人 →He is alone at home 。
lonely 孤獨的，寂寞的。有一定的感情色彩 →He lives a lonely life in the country 。
⑴ Sometimes he feels quite _____ because he has no friends 。
⑵ She lives _____ in that large house 。
◆43 in the tree 外來的→I saw a cat in the tree 。
on the tree 長在樹上的→There are many apples on the tree 。
⑴ How many monkeys can you see _____ the tree ?
⑵ There are a lot of bananas_____ the tree 。
◆44。 in the wall 指在墻體內
on the wall 指在墻體表面
⑴ There is a map _____ the wall 。
⑵ There is a door _____ the wall 。
◆45。 on the bed 指物品在床上→My bag is on the bed 。
in bed 指人躺在床上→Lily is ill in bed 。
⑴ There is a jacket ___________ 。
⑵ I have to be ________ by ten o’clock 。
◆46。 引導結果狀語從句：so和such(如此…以至于…)
so是副詞，后接adj和adv 。句型：
△so+adj/adv+that從句→He worked so hard that he got the first prize 。
△so+adj+a(n)+n。+that從句 = such+a(n)+adj+n。+that從句→That was so interesting a story that I read it twice 。= That was such an interesting story that I read it twice 。
such是形容詞，后接n。句型：
△such+a(n)+adj+n。+that從句→He is such a hard-working student that all the teachers love him 。
△such+pl。/不可數n+that從句→It is such good weather that we can go swimming 。
⑴ He runs ____fast ____ we can’catch him 。 ⑵ Lili is ____a kind girl ____we all love her 。
⑵ Tom is ____ a clever boy that he can answer the question 。= Tom is ____ clever a boy that he can answer the question 。
⑶ The box is _____ heavy _____ I can’t carry it 。
※ 在名詞前有many / much / few / little這些詞修飾時，要用so…that 。so…that句型的否定形式可用簡單句too…to或not…enough to代替。如：
He is so young that he can’t go to school 。
= He is too young to go to school 。
= He is not old enough to go to school 。
◆47。 引導時間狀語從句 ：
when + 延續性/短暫性動詞→When I was watching TV ， he came in 。 = When he came in ， I was watching TV 。
while+延續性動詞(多用進行時)→While I was in Shanghai ，I visited him 。
⑴ _____ he was sleeping 。 Someone knocked at the door 。= He was sleeping _____ someone knocked at the door 。
⑵ _____ the boy heard his mother’s voice ， he stopped crying 。
⑶ My mother was cooking _____ I was doing my homework 。。
◆48。 at the age of 和 when 引導的時間狀語可以互換。
I began to play football when I was five years old 。 = I began to play football ________ ____ ____ five 。
◆49。 instead 放句首、句末
instead of + n/pron/ving = rather than 。
⑴ I will go to see her ______ you 。 ⑵ He doesn’t like beer 。give him coke ______ 。
⑶ We often sing English song ______ reading aloud 。
◆50。 be famous as (作為…而知名) as + 職業/身份/地位→Yi Yuchun is famous as a super girl 。
be famous for (以…而著名) for + 出名的原因→Hangzhou is famous for the West Lake 。
⑴ Li Bai is famous ______ a poet 。 ⑵ Jackie Chan ia famous ______ his action movies 。
⑶ France ia famous _____its fine food and wine 。
◆51。 看起來像是…似乎/好像… (sb/sth) seems to do sth
It seems that +從句
⑴ It _____ _____ he feels very sad 。 = He _____ _____ _____ very sad 。
⑵ She seems to want to have a drink 。= _____ _____ that she _____ to have a drink 。
◆52。 “疑問詞 + 動詞不定式” 與“賓語從句”的互換 。
⑴ I will show you where you should go 。= I will show you _____ _____ _____ 。
⑵ Idon’t know what to do 。 = I don’t know what _____ 。 A should I do B I should do
⑶ Could you tell me how I can get to Summer Palace ?= Could you tell me how _____ _____ _____ Summer Palace ?
※ 賓語從句應該用陳述語序。如：Could you please tell me ____ ____ ____ ____ (天氣如何)in Chongqi ?
◆53。 問題/難題 question 由于疑惑不解而提出的問題，多和ask / answer搭配使用。
problem指有待解決的較難的問題或物理/數學方面的題等，多與solve / work out 搭配。
⑴ Please answer my ________ in English 。 ⑵ I can’t work out this maths _______。
⑶ This is a difficult _______ to answer 。
◆54。 family家/家庭(強調家庭成員，與居住的房子無關)→My family are kind people 。
home 家(指人出生或居住的地方，帶有一定感情色彩)→Welcome to my home 。
house 房子/住宅(居住的建筑物)→They moved to their new house last year 。
⑴ How many people are there in your _____? ⑵ I want to save money and buy a big ____ 。
⑶ I love Chengdu ， I looked Chengdu as my ______ 。
◆55。 in front of (在…前面) 在某一范圍以外的前面→There is a tall tree in front of our classroom 。
in the front of (在…前部) 在某一范圍內的前面→Two personsare sitting in the front of the car 。
⑴ The policeman stands ____________ the car 。 ⑵ The driver sits ____________ the car 。
◆56。 在晚上，在夜里 at night
on + a + adj + night
⑴ You shouldn’t go out _____ night 。 ⑵ He met a thief _____ a cold night 。
◆57。 在…之間 between (兩者之間)多與and連用。
among(三者或三者以上的人或物之間)
⑴ She is sitting ______ Lucy and Lily 。 ⑵ He built a house ______ the trees 。
◆58。 sometimes 不時;有時(是一般現在時的標志詞)→Sometimes I go to school by bus 。
some times 幾次(此時time是可數名詞，意為“次數”)→He has been to Shanghai some times 。
sometime 某個時間(表示在過去或將來的某個時候)→ I saw him sometime last year 。
some time 一段時間(此時time是不可數名詞)→ He will stay here for some time 。
⑴ We are going to have a party ________ next week 。⑵ _______ the boy is late for school 。
⑶ He spent _________ in cutting hair 。So he missed the early bus 。
⑷ Li Jun has been to Bird’s Nest _________ 。
◆59。 wear + 衣服/鞋帽/眼鏡等(強調狀態)→Our teacher often wears a pair of glasses 。
put on +衣服/鞋帽/眼鏡等(強調動作)→Kate puts on her hat and goes out 。
be in + 顏色/服飾(強調狀態)→The girl in red is my sister 。
dress + 人/反身代詞 (給某人穿) →She dresses her daughter every morning 。
⑴ You’d better ______ your coat 。 ⑵ She was _______ a flower in her hair 。
⑶ The boy ______ white is my friend 。 ⑷ He is too young to ______ himself 。
⑸ Miss Li often _____ the white sports shoes 。
※ dress當表示狀態時常用be dressed in + 衣物(穿著…顏色的衣服)→He is dressed in a black coat 。他常穿著黑色的外套。
◆ 60。 play + 球類、棋類名詞(不加the )play badminton / play chess / play computer games
play the +樂器名詞。(必須加the) play the violin
⑴ - Do you like to play ______ football after class ， Li Lei ?
- Yes ，I do 。 A 。a B 。the C 。 /
⑵ Sam can’t play ________ (piano)， but he can play ________ (chess) 。
81-85: stars, faster, feed, most dangerous, twelfth
86-90: cinema, baby, show, earlier, grass
91-95: show, closed, museum, kilometres, say
96-100: moment, around/round, inside, policewoman, months'
101-105:finishes, busiest, fifth, centre，visit
106-110:enjoys, matches, driving, plan, colder
111-115:businessmen, countries, ready, useful, drier
116-120:invented, said, packing, forgets, sleep
121-125:found, famous, Thousands, reading, part
126-130:called/named, raining, November, happened, hurry
131-135:snowmen, hottest, harvest, washing, wrote
136-140:really, helping, snowy, men's, hiking
141-145:strong, sunshine, inviting/asking, message, smile 1146-150:afraid, Christmas, Festival, during, get-together
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